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INTRODUCTION@#Nutritional psychiatry is an emerging field of study that investigates the role of diet and nutrition in mental health. Studies conducted in the general population have linked depressive symptoms with poor dietary patterns. The aim of this study was to characterise the dietary intake and analyse the dietary pattern using the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in a sample of psychiatric patients in a multiethnic Asian nation.@*METHODS@#Participants were recruited from an outpatient clinic and an inpatient unit at the Institute of Mental Health in Singapore. Self-reported dietary habits of a sample of psychiatric patients (N=380) were analysed using DASH. To examine the variables associated with DASH scores, a linear regression was conducted with the full sample and sociodemographic variables.@*RESULTS@#Persons with depressive disorders had a mean DASH score of 21.3 (±4.2), while persons with psychotic disorders had a mean DASH score of 21.2 (±4.9). Respondents who were older (B=1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-2.96, @*CONCLUSION@#Dietary patterns of persons with mental disorders were characterised. A host of sociodemographic factors, and not diagnosis of mental disorders, influenced the dietary quality of people with depressive and psychotic disorders. Clinicians treating psychiatric patients need to be aware of the nuanced reasons behind poor dietary choices and provide targeted psychoeducation to specific subgroups within the patient population.
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<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Patients with schizophrenia have shorter life expectancy and one of the main causes of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Modifiable risk factors for CVD include diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidaemia. This study aimed to establish: (a) the prevalence and correlates of DM and dyslipidaemia; (b) the proportion of those whose condition was well controlled; and (c) the incidence of undiagnosed DM and dyslipidaemia in a long-stay inpatient schizophrenia population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data was collected to assess the physical health status of 110 inpatients with schizophrenia who had been in hospital for over one year. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, diagnosis of physical and mental illnesses, and current medications was obtained from their medical records. The overall prevalence of DM and dyslipidaemia was based on diagnosis in the medical records, current medications and fasting blood test results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patient group was predominantly male (85.5%), with a mean age of 55.9 ± 9.9 (range 25-90) years. Overall prevalence of DM and dyslipidaemia was 19.1% and 62.7%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Malay (odds ratio [OR] 14.97) and Indian (OR 25.71) patients were significantly more likely to have DM when compared to Chinese patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In comparison to the general population, the prevalence of DM and dyslipidaemia was found to be higher in inpatients with schizophrenia. However, the two chronic illnesses were well controlled in inpatients and few were undiagnosed, perhaps due to the regular monitoring, supervised diet and regular physical activities arranged for inpatients in the long-stay inpatient wards.</p>
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Objective To observe the effect of salidroside on the cognitive dysfunction of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and to explore its related mechanisms. Methods According to the random number table method, 45 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: the normal control, diabetic model and salidroside groups, 15 rats in each group. The diabetic rat model was established by intra-peritoneal injection of 60 mg/kg STZ (72 hours after STZ injection, the caudal venous blood glucose was measured by a glucose meter, if the glucose level reached ＞16.7 mmol/L , the model was regarded as a successful one). The rats in the normal control group were injected with equal volume of citrate buffer. After model making, the salidroside group was treated with salidrosidec 15 mg/kg by intragastric administration; the normal control group and the diabetic model group were given the same volume of normal saline for gavage, 1 times a day. Morris water maze was used to test cognitive function in rats after consecutive four weeks of treatment, and the blood glucose levels of rats in various groups were detected at the onset and the end of the experiment; the protein expression and contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and intedeukin-6 (IL-6) in hippocampus were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western Blot analysis. Results Compared with the normal control group, the escape latency in diabetic model group was significantly prolonged (seconds: 62.54±7.67 vs. 19.37±4.23), the time in target quadrant was shortened (seconds:18.76±4.75 vs. 43.09±8.09), the number of crossing platform was also obviously reduced (frequency: 2.26±0.57 vs. 6.84±1.56), blood glucose levels were significantly higher (mmol/L: 24.27±3.69 vs. 6.95±1.52), protein expressions and contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in hippocampus were markedly increased [TNF-α (μg/L): 482.09±45.72 vs. 92.53±14.84, IL-6 (μg/L): 8.26±1.14 vs. 3.03±0.48; TNF-α protein (A value): 0.61±0.15 vs. 0.25±0.04, IL-6 protein (A value): 0.53±0.11 vs. 0.12±0.03, all P ＜ 0.05]. Compared with the diabetic model group, the escape latency in salidroside group was significantly shortened (seconds: 38.07±5.84 vs. 62.54±7.67), the time in target quadrant was prolonged (seconds: 31.29±5.61 vs. 18.76±4.75), the number of crossing platform was also significantly increased (frequency: 4.72±1.24 vs. 2.26±0.57), blood glucose levels were obviously lowered (mmol/L: 18.34±2.75 vs. 24.27±3.69), protein content and expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in hippocampus were remarkably decreased [TNF-α (μg/L): 328.46±39.33 vs. 482.09±45.72, IL-6 (μg/L): 6.09±0.97 vs. 8.26±1.14; TNF-α protein (A value):0.47±0.09 vs. 0.61±0.15, IL-6 protein (A value): 0.28±0.06 vs. 0.53±0.11, all P ＜ 0.05]. Conclusion Salidroside can ameliorate the cognitive impairment in STZ-induced diabetic rats, and its mechanism may be closely related to the reduction of the hippocampal inflammatory response and blood glucose level of diabetic rats.
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Objective To investigate the effectiveness analysis of fine nursing care on quality of nursing of critically ill patients with stroke. Methods The control group who came from the neurology department of our hospital between February and April in 2015 were given the routine care. The test group who came from the neurology department of our hospital between May and July in 2015 were given the fine nursing care. The quality of nursing and satisfaction of the relatives of patients were compared. Results In the test group, unqualified rates of nursing quality was 8.8%(81/924) and satisfaction of the relatives of patient was 90.9% (229/252); In the control group, unqualified rates of nursing quality was 22.5%(183/814) and satisfaction of the relatives of patient was 82.0%(182/222).There were significant differences between two teams (χ2=63.191, 8.096, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions Fine nursing care can significantly improve the quality of nursing, improve the nurse-patient relationship and improve satisfaction of the relatives of patients.
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The present paper was conducted to a systematic method of surgical guide for dental implant based on computer-aided technology through CT data and dental-cast data. By analyzing the patient's CT data, the implant region was planned using image processing techniques. For the specified implant region, the computer-aided method for the rational allocation of dental implant was addressed in a sense of anatomy. With biomechanical principles as well as aesthetical and functional requirements as preconditions, this method can make full use of bone quantity and quality to produce the optimum implantation axis. The transferring of implant planning to the patient was then realized by registration between CT models and dental-cast models. A case research explained the whole process of the surgical guide. The results validated the correctness and feasibility of this method, which has a great significance to enhance the quality and accuracy of implant surgery.
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Humans , Computer-Aided Design , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Methods , Models, Dental , Dental Prosthesis Design , Methods , Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic , Methods , Patient Care Planning , Surgery, Computer-Assisted , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Otoneurological operations were performed in 96 patients through the retrosigmoidal approach. The anatomical structures in the cerebello-pontine angle can be clearly exposed with this procedure. The approach has the advantage that it is of convenience in manipulation with only gentle trauma, and that some drawbacks of suboccipital or retrolabyrimhine approach may be overcome. On the other hand, operation indications can be extended and operation complications reduced. It is an ideal approach which enters the cerebello-pontine angle. The surgical technique and clinical experience have been reported in detail in this paper.